Urbanization refers to the increasing population concentration in urban areas, a transformative phenomenon that has reshaped societies globally. As people migrate from rural to urban environments, cities expand, and this trend has significant economic, social, and environmental implications. The process of urbanization is a key characteristic of modern civilization, influencing various aspects of life including employment, housing, and infrastructure.
Marine propulsion systems are mechanisms used to generate thrust that moves a vessel through water. These systems are integral to various types of boats, ships, and submarines, allowing for a range of applications from commercial shipping to recreational boating and military operations. The efficiency and effectiveness of propulsion systems directly influence a vessel's performance and operational costs.